![]() These additives enable the lamp to produce more visible light per watt with improved color rendition. Metal Halide lamps are similar to mercury vapor lamps but use metal halide additives inside the arc tube along with the mercury and argon. Although they cost more, they are very economical in the long run. Are one of the best energy-efficiency investments available.Can replace incandescent bulbs that are roughly 3 to 4 times their wattage, but can cost up to 10 times more than comparable incandescent bulbs.Have a much longer life-6,000 to 20,000 hours (10 to 20 times longer), compared to 750 to 1000 hours for a standard incandescent.Come in a variety of sizes and shapes and are being used as energy saving alternatives to incandescent lamps.Typically have a standard screw base that can be installed into nearly any table lamp or lighting fixture that accepts an incandescent lamp.CFLs can be installed in regular incandescent fixtures, and they consume less than one-third as much electricity as incandescent lamps.ĬFLs have the following characteristics. Types of compact fluorescent bulbs on the marketĬFLs come in a variety of sizes and shapes, as shown in Figure 6.3.7, including (a) twin-tube integral, (b and c) triple-tube integral, (d) integral model with casing that reduces glare, (e) modular circline and ballast, and (f) modular quad-tube and ballast. Neutral white (3500 K) is becoming popular for office and retail use.Ĭompact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) are miniaturized fluorescent lamps that usually have premium phosphors which often come packaged with integral or modular ballast, as shown in Figure 6.3.6.įigure 6.3.6. More efficient fluorescent lamps are now available in smaller diameters, including the 1.25 " (also called T10) and 1" (also called T8).įluorescent lamps are available in color temperatures ranging from warm (2700 K) "incandescent-like" colors to very cool (6500 K) "daylight" colors.Ĭool white (4100 K) is the most common fluorescent lamp color. The most common lamp type is the four-foot (F40), 1.5" diameter (also called T12) straight fluorescent lamp. Full-size fluorescent lamp fixtureįull-size fluorescent lamps are available in several shapes, including straight, U-shaped, and circular configurations. replacing fixtures with more efficient models.įigure 6.3.5.re-lamping (e.g., replacing an existing lamp with one of a lower wattage).The energy savings for existing fluorescent lighting can be increased by: shows a picture of a full-size fluorescent lamp fixture. Ballasts require energy, and for some type of ballasts, efficiency is only achieved if the fluorescent lamp is left on for long periods of time without frequent on-off cycles.įigure 6.3.5. The bulbs themselves also last a lot longer-10,000 to 20,000 hours versus 1,000 hours for a typical incandescent.įluorescent lights need ballasts (devices that control the electricity used by the unit) for starting and for circuit protection. Thus, they run cooler for the same effective light output. The following video shows how an incandescent light bulb works.įluorescent lamps are about 2 to 4 times as efficient as incandescent lamps at producing light at the wavelengths that are useful to humans. This principle of obtaining light from heat is called ‘incandescence.” At this high temperature of 2,000º C, about 5 percent of the electrical energy converts into visible light and the rest of it is emitted as heat or infrared radiation. At high temperatures like this, the thermal radiation from the filament includes a significant amount of visible light. In a "standard" 60-, 75-, or 100-Watt bulb, the filament temperature is roughly 2,550º C, or roughly 4,600º F. The filament's temperature is very high, generally over 2,000º C, or 3,600º F. Depending on the temperature of the filament, radiation is emitted from the filament. When electricity is passed through the filament, the filament gets hot. ![]() The incandescent bulb consists of a sealed glass bulb with a filament inside. ![]() Lewis Latimer has perfected it with the use of carbon filament. Thomas Alva Edison invented the incandescent light bulb with reasonable life.
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